Types Of Concrete Blocks Or Concrete Masonry Pieces Used In Construction Engineering
Concrete block masonry which is also generally known as concrete masonry unit (CMU) have advantages over brick and stone masonry.
Concrete blocks are made in required shape and sizes which could possibly be solid or hollow blocks.
The most popular size concrete blocks is 39cm x 19cm x (30cm or 20 cm or 10cm) or 2 inch, 4 inch, 6 inch, 8 inch, 10 " and 12-inch unit configurations.
Cement, aggregate, water is used to get ready concrete blocks.
The cement-aggregate ratio in concrete blocks is 1:6. Aggregate used is of 60% fine aggregate and 40% coarse aggregate.
Their Minimum strength is around 3N/mm2. ASTM C-90-91 specifies the compressive strength requirements of concrete masonry units.
Forms of Concrete Blocks or Concrete Masonry Units
Based upon the framework, shape, size and manufacturing processes concrete blocks are generally classified into 2 types and they're:
Solid concrete blocks
Hollow concrete Blocks
Solid Concrete Blocks
Solid concrete blocks are generally used, which are heavy in weight and made of dense aggregate. These are very strong and provides good stability on the structures. So for large work of masonry like for load bearing walls these solid blocks are preferable. They are available in large sizes when compared with bricks. So, it takes less time to construct concrete masonry than brick masonry.
Hollow Concrete Blocks
Hollow concrete blocks contains void area greater than 25% of gross area. Solid area of hollow bricks must be over 50%. The hollow part could be separated into several components based on our requirement. They're made of lightweight aggregates. They may be transportable blocks and simple to set up.
Kinds of Hollow Concrete Blocks:
Stretcher block
Corner block
Pillar block
Jamb block
Partition block
Lintel block
Frogged brick block
Bullnose block
Concrete Stretcher Blocks
Corner blocks are used with the ends or corners of masonry. The ends could be window or door openings etc. they're arranged in a way that their plane end visible to the outside and other end is locked together with the stretcher block.
Concrete Corner Blocks
Corner blocks are widely-used on the ends or corners of masonry. The ends might be window or door openings etc. these are arranged in ways that their plane end visible facing outward and other end is locked using the stretcher block.
Concrete Pillar Blocks
Pillar block can also be referred to as double corner block. Generally these are used when two ends from the corner are visible. In case there is piers or pillars these blocks are traditionally used.
Jamb Concrete Blocks
Jamb blocks are employed if you have an elaborated window opening inside the wall. These are attached to stretcher and corner blocks. For the provision of double hung windows, jamb blocks are extremely helpful to provide space to the casing individuals window.
Partition Concrete Block
Partition concrete blocks are often used to build partition walls. Partition blocks have larger height than its breadth. Hollow part is split into two or three components in case there is partition blocks.
Lintel Blocks
Lintel block or beam block is utilized when it comes to provision of beam or lintel beam. Lintel beam is generally provided at the top portion of doors and windows, which bears the load via top. Concrete lintel blocks have deep groove over the amount of block as shown in figure. After placing the blocks, this groove is filled with concrete along with reinforcement.
Frogged Brick Blocks
Frogged brick block posesses a frog on its top together with header and stretcher like frogged brick. This frog will helps the block to carry mortar and get the strong bond with top laying block.
Bullnose Concrete Block
Bullnose blocks resemble corner blocks. Their duties also same however, if we wish rounded edges at corner bullnose bricks are preferred.
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